Alfaxalone
Star0
This drug entry is a stub and has not been fully annotated. It is scheduled to be annotated soon.
Identification
- Generic Name
- Alfaxalone
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB11371
- Background
Alfaxalone, also known as alphaxalone or alphaxolone, is a neuroactive steroid and general anaesthetic. It is used in veterinary practice under the trade name Alfaxan, and is licensed for use in both dogs and cats. Along with alfadolone, it is also one of the constituents of anesthetic drug mixture althesin.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Vet approved
- Structure
- Weight
- Average: 332.484
Monoisotopic: 332.23514489 - Chemical Formula
- C21H32O3
- Synonyms
- Alfaxalone
- External IDs
- GR 2/234
- GR-2/234
Pharmacology
- Indication
Not Available
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
- Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API
- Pharmacodynamics
Not Available
- Mechanism of action
- Not Available
- Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
Not Available
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
- Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.
- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your software1,2-Benzodiazepine The risk or severity of CNS depression can be increased when Alfaxalone is combined with 1,2-Benzodiazepine. Acetazolamide The risk or severity of CNS depression can be increased when Acetazolamide is combined with Alfaxalone. Acetophenazine The risk or severity of CNS depression can be increased when Acetophenazine is combined with Alfaxalone. Agomelatine The risk or severity of CNS depression can be increased when Agomelatine is combined with Alfaxalone. Alfentanil The risk or severity of CNS depression can be increased when Alfentanil is combined with Alfaxalone. - Food Interactions
- Not Available
Categories
- ATC Codes
- N01AX05 — Alfaxalone
- Drug Categories
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives. These are steroids with a structure based on a hydroxylated prostane moiety.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Lipids and lipid-like molecules
- Class
- Steroids and steroid derivatives
- Sub Class
- Pregnane steroids
- Direct Parent
- Gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives
- Alternative Parents
- 20-oxosteroids / 3-alpha-hydroxysteroids / 11-oxosteroids / Secondary alcohols / Ketones / Cyclic alcohols and derivatives / Organic oxides / Hydrocarbon derivatives
- Substituents
- 11-oxosteroid / 20-oxosteroid / 3-alpha-hydroxysteroid / 3-hydroxysteroid / Alcohol / Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound / Carbonyl group / Cyclic alcohol / Hydrocarbon derivative / Hydroxysteroid
- Molecular Framework
- Aliphatic homopolycyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- corticosteroid hormone (CHEBI:34531)
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- BD07M97B2A
- CAS number
- 23930-19-0
- InChI Key
- DUHUCHOQIDJXAT-OLVMNOGESA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C21H32O3/c1-12(22)16-6-7-17-15-5-4-13-10-14(23)8-9-20(13,2)19(15)18(24)11-21(16,17)3/h13-17,19,23H,4-11H2,1-3H3/t13-,14+,15-,16+,17-,19+,20-,21+/m0/s1
- IUPAC Name
- (1S,2S,5R,7S,10S,11S,14S,15S)-14-acetyl-5-hydroxy-2,15-dimethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.0²,⁷.0¹¹,¹⁵]heptadecan-17-one
- SMILES
- [H][C@@]1(CC[C@@]2([H])[C@]3([H])CC[C@@]4([H])C[C@]([H])(O)CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]3([H])C(=O)C[C@]12C)C(C)=O
References
- General References
- Roan R: Use of alfaxalone in rabbits. Vet Rec. 2009 Feb 7;164(6):188. [Article]
- Strachan FA, Mansel JC, Clutton RE: A comparison of microbial growth in alfaxalone, propofol and thiopental. J Small Anim Pract. 2008 Apr;49(4):186-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2007.00473.x. Epub 2008 Jan 11. [Article]
- Vettorato E: Prolonged intravenous infusion of alfaxalone in a cat. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2013 Sep;40(5):551-2. doi: 10.1111/vaa.12044. Epub 2013 Apr 24. [Article]
- Herbert GL, Murison PJ: Eye position of cats anaesthetised with alfaxalone or propofol. Vet Rec. 2013 Apr 6;172(14):365. doi: 10.1136/vr.101404. Epub 2013 Feb 5. [Article]
- Goodwin W, Keates H, Pasloske K, Pearson M, Sauer B, Ranasinghe MG: Plasma pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of alfaxalone in neonatal foals after an intravenous bolus of alfaxalone following premedication with butorphanol tartrate. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2012 Sep;39(5):503-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2012.00734.x. Epub 2012 May 30. [Article]
- Bertelsen MF, Sauer CD: Alfaxalone anaesthesia in the green iguana (Iguana iguana). Vet Anaesth Analg. 2011 Sep;38(5):461-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2011.00640.x. [Article]
- Jungck E, Kloss T, Blendl M, Hoerster W, Klaucke D: [Experiences with the steroid narcotic alfaxalone/alfadolone (Aurantex) in emergency patients in rescue service]. Anasth Intensivther Notfallmed. 1983 Feb;18(1):8-13. [Article]
- Brewster ME, Estes KS, Bodor N: Development of a non-surfactant formulation for alfaxalone through the use of chemically-modified cyclodextrins. J Parenter Sci Technol. 1989 Nov-Dec;43(6):262-5. [Article]
- Adami C, d'Ovidio D, Casoni D: Alfaxalone-butorphanol versus alfaxalone-morphine combination for immersion anaesthesia in oriental fire-bellied toads (Bombina orientalis). Lab Anim. 2015 Aug 25. pii: 0023677215601300. [Article]
- Tamura J, Ishizuka T, Fukui S, Oyama N, Kawase K, Itami T, Miyoshi K, Sano T, Pasloske K, Yamashita K: Sedative effects of intramuscular alfaxalone administered to cats. J Vet Med Sci. 2015 Aug;77(8):897-904. doi: 10.1292/jvms.14-0200. Epub 2015 Mar 19. [Article]
- External Links
- KEGG Drug
- D07282
- KEGG Compound
- C13803
- PubChem Compound
- 104845
- PubChem Substance
- 347827976
- ChemSpider
- 94637
- BindingDB
- 50164570
- 1544577
- ChEBI
- 34531
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL190279
- ZINC
- ZINC000004081122
- PDBe Ligand
- EY4
- Wikipedia
- Alfaxalone
- PDB Entries
- 6cdu
Clinical Trials
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
- Not Available
- Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Not Available
- Experimental Properties
- Not Available
- Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.0242 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 3.23 ALOGPS logP 3.06 Chemaxon logS -4.1 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 18.3 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) -1.4 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 3 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 1 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 54.37 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 1 Chemaxon Refractivity 93.57 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 38.64 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 4 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter Yes Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
- Not Available
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 188.6011187 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 170.29575 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 189.6120187 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 172.12064 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 177.82014 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Drug created at February 25, 2016 18:13 / Updated at February 21, 2021 18:53