Stannous fluoride
Identification
- Summary
Stannous fluoride is a medication used to treat dental hypersensitivity, produce enamel, prevent gingivitis and cavities, and prevent periodontal infections.
- Brand Names
- Doctor's Choice, Gelato Perio Rinse, Gingi Med, Kid's Choice, PerioMed, Prodenrx Rinse
- Generic Name
- Stannous fluoride
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB11092
- Background
Stannous Fluoride, or Tn(II) Fluoride, is a compound commonly used in toothpastes for the prevention of gingivitis, dental infections, cavities, and to relieve dental hypersensitivity. Although similar in function and activity to Sodium Fluoride (NaF), the conventionally added ingredient in toothpastes, stannous fluoride has been shown to be more effective at stopping and reversing dental lesions 2. It manages and prevents dental caries and gingivitis by promoting enamel mineralization 1, reducing gingival inflammation and bleeding 3,4 through its potential broad-spectrum antibiotic effect and modulation of the microbial composition of the dental biofilm 2. It is an FDA-approved over-the-counter product.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved
- Structure
- Weight
- Average: 156.71
Monoisotopic: 157.899002981 - Chemical Formula
- F2Sn
- Synonyms
- difluorostannylene
- fluoristan
- Stannous fluoride
- tin difluoride
- Tin(II) fluoride
Pharmacology
- Indication
Indicated for use to relieve dental hypersensitivity, increase enamel production, prevent gingivitis and cavities, and control periodontal infections.
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Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Prevention of Dental cavity ••• ••• •••• ••••••••••• •••••• •••••••••• - Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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- Pharmacodynamics
Stannous fluoride mediates both bactericidal and bacteriostatic properties and provides an anti-erosive action on tooth enamel.
- Mechanism of action
Stannous fluoride has been shown to manage and prevent dental caries and gingivitis by promoting enamel mineralization, reducing gingival inflammation and bleeding, its potential broad-spectrum antibiotic effect, and through modulation of the microbial composition of the dental biofilm. It works by depositing a stable acid-resistant layer on the tooth surfaces which is composed of calcium fluoride produced when stannous fluoride converts the calcium mineral apatite into fluorapatite. Tin and fluoride mediate anti-erosive actions by interacting with and modifying the absorbent layer composed of salivary proteins such as mucins, perhaps by enhancing the cross-linking between the proteins to result in a more resistant and protective layer against erosion 1. The efficacy of stannous fluoride solutions seems to depend mainly on the incorporation of tin in the mineralized dentine when the organic portion is preserved but on surface precipitation when the organic portion is continuously digested. Moreover, the relative erosion-inhibiting effects of stannous fluoride strongly depend on the presence or absence of the demineralized organic dentine matrix 6.
- Absorption
Tin is retained in the demineralized organic matrix to some extent, diffuses through the phosphorylated non-collagenous proteins in the dentine called phosphophoryn and accumulates in the underlying mineralized tissue.
- Volume of distribution
Stannous fluoride is cleared from saliva rapidly but very well retained in gingival plaque for a prolonged period of time 7.
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Materials introduced into the oral cavity can be eliminated by salivary washout and swallowing, absorption through oral surfaces, or degradation 7.
- Half-life
The half-life for the decay of the salivary elimination rate constant was 13 min 7.
- Clearance
Stimulated and nonstimulated salivary elimination microrate constants in this case would be ∼1 and 0.5 min^−1, respectively 7.
- Adverse Effects
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- Toxicity
The oral LD50 value in rats is 360mg/kg and the dermal LD50 value is >2000mg/kg. Repeated or prolonged dermal contact can cause irritant symptoms such as reddening of the skin, blisters, or dermatitis.
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.Not Available
- Food Interactions
- No interactions found.
Products
- Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.
- Active Moieties
Name Kind UNII CAS InChI Key Fluoride ion ionic Q80VPU408O 16984-48-8 KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M - Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Burkhart Concentrate 0.3408 g/284g Dental Burkhart Dental Supply Inc 2013-02-01 Not applicable US Burkhart Concentrate 0.3408 g/284g Dental Burkhart Dental Supply Inc 2013-02-01 Not applicable US Doctors Choice Gel, dentifrice 0.12 g/120g Oral Massco Dental A Division Of Dunagin Pharmaceuticals 1989-01-01 Not applicable US Doctors Choice Gel, dentifrice 0.12 g/120g Oral Massco Dental A Division Of Dunagin Pharmaceuticals 1989-01-01 Not applicable US Doctors Choice Gel, dentifrice 0.12 g/120g Oral Massco Dental A Division Of Dunagin Pharmaceuticals 1989-01-01 Not applicable US - Over the Counter Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image 0.4% Stannous Fluoride Brush On Gel Gel 0.4 % Dental Pdt Image Inc. Dba Pro Dentec Canada 1995-12-31 2009-06-15 Canada 0.63% Stannous Fluor. Oral Rinse Concentrate Liquid 0.63 % Dental Pdt Image Inc. Dba Pro Dentec Canada 1995-12-31 2009-06-15 Canada 1.64% Stan. Fluor. Office Rinse Concentrate Liquid 1.64 % Dental Pdt Image Inc. Dba Pro Dentec Canada 1995-12-31 1999-07-30 Canada 3.28% Stannous Fluor. Irrigation Concentrate Liquid 3.28 % Dental Pdt Image Inc. Dba Pro Dentec Canada 1995-12-31 1999-07-30 Canada Burkhart Gel 0.116 g/120g Dental Burkhart Dental Supply Inc 2013-01-05 Not applicable US - Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Perfect Choice 0.717% Root and Dentin Desens Stannous fluoride (.4 %) + Hydrogen fluoride (.14 %) + Sodium fluoride (1.09 %) Liquid Dental Challenge Products Inc. 1996-08-28 2001-07-27 Canada Phosphotec Stannous fluoride (0.4 mg/1) + Sodium pyrophosphate (40 mg/1) Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution Intravenous Bracco Diagnostics, Inc 1976-10-20 2007-09-30 US Pro-dentx Comfort Dentin Desensitizer Stannous fluoride (0.41 %) + Hydrogen fluoride (0.045 %) + Sodium fluoride (1.31 %) Liquid Dental; Oral Pdt Image Inc. Dba Pro Dentec Canada 1997-05-12 2007-10-23 Canada - Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Burkhart Stannous fluoride (0.3408 g/284g) Concentrate Dental Burkhart Dental Supply Inc 2013-02-01 Not applicable US Burkhart Stannous fluoride (0.3408 g/284g) Concentrate Dental Burkhart Dental Supply Inc 2013-02-01 Not applicable US Doctors Choice Stannous fluoride (0.12 g/120g) Gel, dentifrice Oral Massco Dental A Division Of Dunagin Pharmaceuticals 1989-01-01 Not applicable US Doctors Choice Stannous fluoride (0.12 g/120g) Gel, dentifrice Oral Massco Dental A Division Of Dunagin Pharmaceuticals 1989-01-01 Not applicable US Doctors Choice Stannous fluoride (0.12 g/120g) Gel, dentifrice Oral Massco Dental A Division Of Dunagin Pharmaceuticals 1989-01-01 Not applicable US
Categories
- ATC Codes
- A01AA04 — Stannous fluoride
- Drug Categories
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as post-transition metal fluorides. These are inorganic compounds in which the largest halogen atom is fluorine, and the heaviest metal atom is a post-transition metal.
- Kingdom
- Inorganic compounds
- Super Class
- Mixed metal/non-metal compounds
- Class
- Post-transition metal salts
- Sub Class
- Post-transition metal fluorides
- Direct Parent
- Post-transition metal fluorides
- Alternative Parents
- Inorganic tin salts
- Substituents
- Inorganic salt / Inorganic tin salt / Post-transition metal fluoride
- Molecular Framework
- Not Available
- External Descriptors
- Not Available
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- 3FTR44B32Q
- CAS number
- 7783-47-3
- InChI Key
- ANOBYBYXJXCGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-L
- InChI
- InChI=1S/2FH.Sn/h2*1H;/q;;+2/p-2
- IUPAC Name
- difluorostannanylidene
- SMILES
- F[Sn]F
References
- General References
- Algarni AA, Mussi MC, Moffa EB, Lippert F, Zero DT, Siqueira WL, Hara AT: The impact of stannous, fluoride ions and its combination on enamel pellicle proteome and dental erosion prevention. PLoS One. 2015 Jun 1;10(6):e0128196. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128196. eCollection 2015. [Article]
- Cheng X, Liu J, Li J, Zhou X, Wang L, Liu J, Xu X: Comparative effect of a stannous fluoride toothpaste and a sodium fluoride toothpaste on a multispecies biofilm. Arch Oral Biol. 2017 Feb;74:5-11. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.10.030. Epub 2016 Oct 29. [Article]
- Mallatt M, Mankodi S, Bauroth K, Bsoul SA, Bartizek RD, He T: A controlled 6-month clinical trial to study the effects of a stannous fluoride dentifrice on gingivitis. J Clin Periodontol. 2007 Sep;34(9):762-7. Epub 2007 Jul 23. [Article]
- He T, Barker ML, Biesbrock A, Miner M, Amini P, Goyal CR, Qaqish J: Evaluation of anti-gingivitis benefits of stannous fluoride dentifrice among triclosan dentifrice users. Am J Dent. 2013 Aug;26(4):175-9. [Article]
- NEVITT GA, WITTER DH, BOWMAN WD: Topical applications of sodium fluoride and stannous fluoride. Public Health Rep. 1958 Sep;73(9):847-50. [Article]
- Ganss C, Hardt M, Lussi A, Cocks AK, Klimek J, Schlueter N: Mechanism of action of tin-containing fluoride solutions as anti-erosive agents in dentine - an in vitro tin-uptake, tissue loss, and scanning electron microscopy study. Eur J Oral Sci. 2010 Aug;118(4):376-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2010.00742.x. [Article]
- Scott DC, Coggan JW, Cruze CA, He T, Johnson RD: Topical oral cavity pharmacokinetic modeling of a stannous fluoride dentifrice: an unusual two compartment model. J Pharm Sci. 2009 Oct;98(10):3862-70. doi: 10.1002/jps.21691. [Article]
- External Links
- KEGG Drug
- D05919
- PubChem Compound
- 24550
- PubChem Substance
- 347827893
- ChemSpider
- 22956
- 10030
- ChEBI
- 135933
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL1909079
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Tin(II)_fluoride
- MSDS
- Download (201 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Completed Treatment Gingivitis 6 4 Completed Treatment Gingivitis / Plaque, Dental 3 4 Completed Treatment Hypersensitivity Dentin / Periodontal Disease 1 3 Completed Prevention Plaque, Dental 1 3 Completed Treatment Dentin Sensitivity 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Gel Dental 0.4 % Liquid Dental 0.63 % Liquid Dental 1.64 % Liquid Dental 3.28 % Concentrate Dental 0.3408 g/284g Gel Dental 0.116 g/120g Gel Topical 0.969 mg/1g Gel, dentifrice Dental 1.1 mg/1g Paste, dentifrice Dental 1.1 mg/1g Kit; paste, dentifrice Dental 1.5 mg/1g Paste, dentifrice Dental 1.5 mg/1g Paste, dentifrice Dental 1.4 mg/1g Paste, dentifrice Dental 1.6 mg/1g Kit Dental 1.5 mg/1g Gel, dentifrice Dental 1.6 mg/1g Gel, dentifrice Dental 1.4 mg/1g Paste, dentifrice Oral 0.14 g/100g Paste, dentifrice Dental 0.15 g/100g Paste, dentifrice Dental 0.454 g/100g Gel, dentifrice Oral 0.12 g/120g Paste Dental 1.5 mg/1g Paste, dentifrice Dental 0.00454 g/1g Gel Dental 0.00400 g/1g Rinse Dental 0.63 mg/100mL Paste, dentifrice Dental 0.454 mg/100g Liquid Oral 1.53 mg/1g Rinse Oral 630 mg/1000mL Gel Dental; Topical 0.4 % Gel Dental; Oral 0.4 % Liquid Dental; Topical 1.64 % Gel, dentifrice Dental 1 mg/1g Concentrate Dental 0.340 g/283.5g Liquid Oral 0.19 g/100g Gel, dentifrice Dental 0.4 mg/100g Mouthwash Dental 0.63 mg/100mL Gel Oral 0.969 mg/1g Gel Oral 4 mg/1g Paste Dental 1.4 mg/1g Kit Oral 6.3 mg/1mL Paste, dentifrice Dental; Topical .4 % Paste, dentifrice Dental 0.454 % Liquid Topical 16 1/1mg Rinse Dental; Topical 16.4 mg/1mL Liquid Dental Kit; liquid Buccal; Dental 3.28 % Liquid Oral 0.63 % Rinse Oral 1.53 mg/1g Gel Dental .4 % Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution Intravenous Gel Dental; Oral 0.969 mg/1g Gel Dental; Oral 4 mg/1g Gel Oral 4.3 g/1g Rinse Oral 1.9 g/1g Rinse Oral 1.9 mg/1g Liquid Dental; Oral Paste Dental 4.54 mg/1g Paste, dentifrice Dental 0.454 dL/100g Paste Dental 0.454 g/100g Paste Dental 1.10 mg/1g Paste Oral 1.10 mg/1g Gel Oral; Topical .4 % Rinse Topical 1.2 mg/1mL Gel Dental 3.8 mg/1g Gel Oral 1.3 mg/1mL Rinse Oral 6.3 mg/1g Mouthwash Buccal 1.64 % Paste, dentifrice Dental 4.54 mg/1g Gel Oral 0.4 % - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 215 MSDS boiling point (°C) 850 MSDS - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source logP 0.18 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 0 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 0 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 0 Chemaxon Refractivity 3 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 2.78 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 0 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule Yes Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
- Not Available
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Not Available
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Not Available
Drug created at December 03, 2015 16:51 / Updated at September 28, 2021 21:54