ADH-1
Identification
- Generic Name
- ADH-1
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB05485
- Background
Adherex's biotechnology compound, ADH-1, targets N-cadherin, a protein present on certain tumor cells and established tumor blood vessels. ADH-1 is currently in clinical development in a combination program with a range of chemotherapeutic agents to investigate the synergistic effects noted in our preclinical models. At the end of 2006, the Company also completed patient enrollment in our single-agent Phase Ib/II and Phase II trials of ADH-1.
Cadherins are cell adhesion and cell signaling molecules crucial to the development of tissues, organs and organisms. Agents that target and inhibit cadherin function have the potential to attack the progression of cancer at two distinct points:
* Direct targeting of cadherins expressed on cancer cells may disturb cadherin-mediated signaling, leading to apoptosis (death) of cancer cells. * Cadherin inhibitors may exploit the inherent structural weaknesses of the tumor vasculature, causing angiolysis (disruption of blood vessels) and tumor damage.
As many tumors become more aggressive, invasive, and malignant, researchers have found that N-cadherin is expressed in greater amounts, making it an important target for developing anti-cancer treatments.
Poorly differentiated, highly invasive carcinomas are characterized by over-expression of N-cadherin (as opposed to E-cadherin). This change in primary cadherin expression causes the epithelial cells to lose their tightly adherent, polarized and well-defined shape and become loosely adherent, flattened and migratory. Such cadherin switching promotes properties such as dedifferentiation, local invasion and metastasis, leading to poor prognosis.
ADH-1 may have utility in a wide variety of cancers as N-cadherin is overexpressed in a variety of tumors. As tumors progress to become higher grade, invasive and more metastatic, the frequency of N-cadherin expression generally rises.
- Type
- Biotech
- Groups
- Investigational
- Biologic Classification
- Protein Based Therapies
Other protein based therapies - Protein Chemical Formula
- Not Available
- Protein Average Weight
- Not Available
- Sequences
>>uniprot|Q80XX1|Q80XX1_9MURI N-cadherin (Fragment). GLKAADNDPTAPPYDSLLVFDYEGSGSTAGSLSSLNSSSSGGDQDYDYLNDWGPRFKKLA DMYGGGDD
Download FASTA Format- Synonyms
- Cys-His-Ala-Val-Cys
- l-cysteinamide, n-acetyl-l-cysteinyl-l-histidyl-l-alanyl-l-valyl-, cyclic (1-5)-disulfide
- External IDs
- NSC-729477
Pharmacology
- Indication
Investigated for use/treatment in breast cancer, cancer/tumors (unspecified), melanoma, ovarian cancer, and solid tumors.
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- Pharmacodynamics
ADH-1 is a biotech compounds that targets N-cadherin, a protein present on certain tumor cells and established tumor blood vessels. Cadherins are cell adhesion and cell signaling molecules crucial to the development of tissues, organs and organisms. Agents that target and inhibit cadherin function have the potential to attack the progression of cancer at two distinct points:
* Direct targeting of cadherins expressed on cancer cells may disturb cadherin-mediated signaling, leading to apoptosis (death) of cancer cells. * Cadherin inhibitors may exploit the inherent structural weaknesses of the tumor vasculature, causing angiolysis (disruption of blood vessels) and tumor damage.
The compound is indicated for treatment of a variety of invasive carcinomas and ADH-1 has been shown to be synergistic with taxane-based chemotherapy in the systemic treatment of ovarian cancer xenografts.
- Mechanism of action
While ADH-1 has a single molecular target, N-cadherin, we believe its anti-cancer effect results from two distinct mechanisms of action - apoptosis and tumor vessel angiolysis.
N-cadherin appears to act as a tumor cell survival factor. In cell culture studies, inhibition of N-cadherin binding between tumor cells has been shown to cause apoptosis of tumor cells, we believe as a result of disrupting the cadherin-regulated cell survival signals.
ADH-1 also appears to disrupt the blood vessels needed for cancerous tumors to grow and flourish, with hemorrhaging having been noted in both our clinical and preclinical studies. We believe the mechanism for this disruption is either a competitive inhibition of the binding of cadherins between the endothelial cells of the tumor blood wall or apoptosis in tumor cells that form a part of the blood vessel wall, each leading to leakage and rupture of these vessels. The latter involves the phenomenon of tumor "mosaicism," in which tumor cells form a portion of the vascular wall (along with the endothelial cells). Induction of cell death of these tumor cells would result in tumor vascular disruption.
- Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
ADH-1 binds to and inhibits N-cadherin.
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
Not Available
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
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- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.Not Available
- Food Interactions
- Not Available
Products
- Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.
- International/Other Brands
- Exherin
Categories
- Drug Categories
- Not Available
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- Not Available
- Kingdom
- Organic Compounds
- Super Class
- Organic Acids
- Class
- Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives
- Sub Class
- Amino Acids, Peptides, and Analogues
- Direct Parent
- Peptides
- Alternative Parents
- Not Available
- Substituents
- Not Available
- Molecular Framework
- Not Available
- External Descriptors
- Not Available
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- B058ME29VU
- CAS number
- Not Available
References
- General References
- Mariotti A, Perotti A, Sessa C, Ruegg C: N-cadherin as a therapeutic target in cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2007 Apr;16(4):451-65. [Article]
- Li H, Price DK, Figg WD: ADH1, an N-cadherin inhibitor, evaluated in preclinical models of angiogenesis and androgen-independent prostate cancer. Anticancer Drugs. 2007 Jun;18(5):563-8. [Article]
- Shintani Y, Fukumoto Y, Chaika N, Grandgenett PM, Hollingsworth MA, Wheelock MJ, Johnson KR: ADH-1 suppresses N-cadherin-dependent pancreatic cancer progression. Int J Cancer. 2008 Jan 1;122(1):71-7. [Article]
- External Links
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 2 Completed Treatment Neoplasm 1 1 Completed Treatment Adenocarcinoma of the Gallbladder / Carcinoma of Ampulla of Vater / Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma / Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Metastatic / Pancreatic Carcinoma Stage III / Stage III Ampulla of Vater Cancer / Stage III Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma / Stage IIIA Gallbladder Cancer / Stage IIIA Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma / Stage IIIB Gallbladder Cancer / Stage IIIB Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma / Stage IV Ampulla of Vater Cancer / Stage IVA Gallbladder Cancer / Stage IVA Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma / Stage IVA Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma / Stage IVA Pancreatic Cancer / Stage IVB Gallbladder Cancer / Stage IVB Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma / Stage IVB Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma / Stage IVB Pancreatic Cancer 1 1, 2 Completed Treatment Neoplasm 2 1, 2 Terminated Treatment Neoplasm 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
- Not Available
- Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Liquid
- Experimental Properties
- Not Available
Drug created at November 18, 2007 18:25 / Updated at December 03, 2022 09:37